Zooming mechanism for zoom lens

ABSTRACT

A zooming mechanism for a zoom lens comprises a zooming frame disposed for translation back and forth with respect to a stationary member in the direction of an optical axis and carrying a focus lens group in a manner to permit its focus adjustment; a drive for translating the zooming frame in the direction of the optical axis, a carrier frame for carrying another zoom lens group and supported within the zooming frame by a support member located therein for translation back and forth in the direction of the optical axis, a device for deriving a rotational drive in association with the translation of the zooming frame in the direction of the optical axis, and a device responsive to the rotational drive to cause a non-linear movement of the carrier frame. A rotational drive is derived in association with the translation of the zooming frame in the direction of the optical axis, and utilized by said non-linear moving device to cause a non-linear movement of the carrier frame to achieve a zooming operation.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND RELATED ART STATEMENT

The invention relates to a zooming mechanism for .Iadd.a .Iaddend.zoomlens, in particular, to a zooming mechanism for a zoom lens as may beused in a still camera or video camera.

A conventional zoom lens includes two or three movable lens groups, andincludes a zooming mechanism which moves such movable lens groups backand forth in the direction of an optical axis. As is well recognized,almost all of such mechanisms employ an arrangement to translate a lensbarrel by utilizing a cam mechanism including a cam groove and a drivepin or pins fitted in the cam groove.

Specifically, FIGS. 13A, 13B, 14 and 15 illustrate an example of atypical zooming mechanism used in the prior art. A first lens barrel 1carries a first lens group L₁, and a second lens barrel 2 carries asecond lens group L₂. These lens barrels are disposed one after anotherin the direction of an optical axis 0. The lens barrels have holders 1a,1b and 2a, 2b which extend upward and downward therefrom and throughwhich openings 1c, 1d and 2c, 2d are formed. A pair of guide shafts 3, 4which are disposed to extend in parallel relationship with the opticalaxis on opposite sides thereof serve as rotational stops, and theseguide shafts are tightly, but slidably fitted into the openings 1c, 1d,2c, 2d to enable the respective lens groups L₁, L₂ to be translatedtherealong. Drive pins 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b fixedly mounted on the holders1a, 1b, 2a and 2b, respectively, fit in cam slots 7a, 7b formed in a camsleeve 7 to define a zooming mechanism. As indicated by a developed viewshown in FIG. 15, the cam slot 7a in which the drive pins 5a, 5b arefitted is a linear skewed slot which has a pitch angle of α₁ withrespect to the circumferential direction while the cam slot 7b in whichthe drive pins 6a, 6b are fitted is a curved slot having a pitch angleof α₂ with respect to the circumferential direction.

With the zooming mechanism mentioned above, the cam sleeve 7 may beturned to move the first lens barrel 1 and the second lens barrel 2 backand forth in the direction of the optical axis from its wide angleposition shown in FIG. 13A to its telescoping position shown in FIG. 13Bor vice versa through the engagement between the cam slots 7a, 7b andthe drive pins 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b, respectively, thus achieving a zoomingaction.

However, a conventional zooming mechanism as described above utilizesguide shafts and a cam sleeve disposed outside the lenses, whereby thecam sleeve exhibits an increased diameter. This produces an undesirable,unused space as illustrated by a hatched area in FIG. 14 as comparedwith the size of a picture frame 8, standing in the way to aminiaturization of a camera. To assure a smooth movement of the lensbarrels, a plurality of cam slots are duplicated in a cam sleeve at anequal angular interval, requiring a complicated machining operation.[.to increase.]. .Iadd.which increases .Iaddend.its cost. In addition,the first lens group L₁ has a greater travel relative to a travel of thesecond lens group L₂, whereby the pitch angle α₂ of the cam slot asshown in FIG. 15 increases, requiring a greater force to operate duringthe zooming operation, which is disadvantageous.

OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a zooming mechanism for zoomlens which is compact, which can be manufactured at a reduced cost andwhich requires less force to drive, thereby eliminating the describeddisadvantages of the prior art.

In accordance with the invention, a cam sleeve of an increased diameteras used in a conventional zooming mechanism is eliminated. Accordingly,the zooming mechanism of the invention has remarkable features that (1)it is compact and requires a reduced number of parts, and .Iadd.is.Iaddend.simple in arrangement to achieve a higher accuracy; that (2)the simple construction requiring a reduced number of parts enables themanufacturing cost to be reduced; and that (3) a second zoom lens group.Iadd.has .Iaddend.reduced lift, thus requiring less force to drive it.In this manner, disadvantages of conventional zooming mechanism areovercome in a sophisticated manner.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exploded, perspective view of essential parts of a zoomingmechanism for a zoom lens according to a first embodiment of theinvention;

FIGS. 2A and 2B are plan views, to an enlarged scale, specificallyillustrating the manner of operation of a first and a secondnon-circular gear used in the zooming mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates loci of movement of a focus lensgroup and another lens group used in the zooming mechanism shown in FIG.1;

FIG. 4 is a rear view, partly in section, of a portion of the zoomingmechanism shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an exploded, perspective view of essential parts of anotherform of drive mechanism which is used to translate a carrier framecarrying another zoom lens group used in the zooming mechanism of theinvention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded, perspective view of a further form of drivemechanism;

FIG. 7 is an exploded, perspective view of a zooming mechanism for zoomlens according to a second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a rear view, partly in section, of part of the zoomingmechanism shown in FIG. 7 as assembled into a camera;

FIG. 9 diagrammatically illustrates the loci of movement of a focus lensgroup and another lens group used in the zooming mechanism shown in FIG.7;

FIGS. 10A and 10B are plan views, to an enlarged scale, of part of alens drive mechanism used in the zooming mechanism shown in FIG. 7,illustrating the manner of operation thereof;

FIGS. llA and llB are plan views, to an enlarged scale, of another formof a drive mechanism for a carrier frame which carries another zoom lensgroup used in the zooming mechanism of the invention;

FIG. 12 is an exploded, perspective view of part of a further form ofthe drive mechanism similar to that shown in FIGS. llA and llB;

FIGS. 13A and 13B are cross sections of one form of a conventionalzooming mechanism for a zoom lens;

FIG. 14 is a front view of the zooming mechanism shown in FIGS. 13A and13B; and

FIG. 15 is a developed view of cam slots used in the zooming mechanismshown in FIGS. 13A and 13B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 is an exploded, perspective view of essential parts of a zoomingmechanism for a zoom lens according to a first embodiment of theinvention. Specifically, a zooming mechanism 10 comprises two groups ofzoom lenses. Specifically, the zooming mechanism 10 shown is arranged asconsisting of two groups of zoom lenses, and essentially comprises azooming frame 12 including a helicoidal screw to support a focus frame11 which carries a focus lens group L₁ in a manner to permit a focusingadjustment and disposed for movement in the direction of an optical axiswith respect to a stationary frame 13; a feed screw 23 rotatably mountedin the stationary frame 13 for driving the zooming frame 12 in thedirection of the optical axis within the stationary frame 13 when it isdriven for rotation; a carrier frame 14 for another zoom lens group L₂mounted on a pair of support shafts 26, 27 which are disposed within thezooming frame 12 so as to extend in parallel relationship with theoptical axis for movement back and forth in the direction of the opticalaxis .Iadd.and .Iaddend.within the zooming frame 12; a pinion gear 18rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the bottom wall of the zoomingframe 12 for meshing engagement with a rack 17 disposed on the bottomwall of the stationary frame 13 along its right corner and extending ina direction parallel to the optical .[.axis and.]. .Iadd.axis, gear 18being .Iaddend.rotatable in a plane parallel to the bottom surface; afirst non-circular gear 19 integrally and coaxially mounted with thepinion gear 18 on the bottom surface of the zooming frame 12; and asecond non-circular gear 20 disposed for meshing engagement with thefirst non-circular gear for rotation, and having an elongate slot 20atherein which serves to provide a translation of the carrier frame 14 inthe direction of the optical axis.

The zooming frame 12 comprises a rectangular hollow body which isdisplaceably fitted inside the stationary frame 13 which also comprisesa rectangular hollow body of a greater size. A pair of support shafts24, 25 extend between a front wall and a rear frame 15 of the stationaryframe 13 in parallel relationship with the optical axis, and extendthrough a guide opening 12a formed in a block 12e secured to the lowersurface of the zooming frame 12 and through a guide groove 12b formed ina projection on the top wall of the zooming frame 12, thus holding theguiding frame against rotation while allowing its translation in aback-and-forth direction.

The carrier frame 14 for another zoom lens group has an ear in its left,lower portion in which a guide opening 14a is formed and another ear inits right, upper portion in which a guide groove 14b is formed. The pairof support shafts 26, 27 extend between the front wall of the zoomingframe 12 and the rear frame 16 in parallel relationship with the opticalaxis, and extend through the guide opening 14a and the guide groove 14b,respectively, thus holding the carrier frame 14 against rotation whilesupporting it in a translatable manner back and forth in the directionof the optical axis.

The feed screw 23 is rotatably carried by the front wall of thestationary frame 13 and the rear frame 15 and extends in parallelrelationship with the optical axis, and engages female threads 12cformed in the block 12e secured to the bottom wall of the zooming frame12 and extending in a direction parallel to the optical axis. A portionof the feed screw 23 extends rearwardly beyond the rear frame 15 and hasa transmission gear 29 integrally mounted thereon, which serves fortransmitting rotating power to the feed screw 23.

The pinion gear 18 which meshes with the rack 17 is mounted on a supportshaft 18a which rotatably extends through an opening 12d formed in thebottom of the zooming frame 12, and the first non-circular gear 19 isintegrally and fixedly mounted on the same shaft while the secondnon-circular gear 20 which meshes with the first noncircular gear 19 isrotatably carried by a support shaft 21 which is fixedly mounted on thebottom surface of the zooming frame 12. The slot 20a which is elongatein the transverse direction is formed adjacent to the shaft 21 andextends toward the outer periphery. A drive pin 28 fixedly mounted onthe bottom of the carrier frame 14 at its left, lower ear is fitted intothe elongate slot 20a. The second non-circular gear 20 is urged torotate clock-wise by a torsion spring 22 which has its one end securedto a stationary point and disposed around the shaft 21 and having itsother end extending through the gear 20 adjacent to its one lateraledge, but the resulting rotation is normally suppressed by meshingengagement with the first non-circular gear 19.

The operation of the zooming mechanism when zooming from the wide angleside to the telescoping side will be described with reference to FIGS.2A and 2B. Initially, the pinion gear 18, the first non-circular gear 19which is coaxial and integral with the gear 18, and the secondnon-circular gear 20 which meshes with the first gear 19 assumerespective positions shown in FIG. 2A when they are located at the wideangle side. As the feed screw 23 is driven by a drive source, not shown,such as a motor or by a manual drive, through the transmission gear 29to translate the zooming frame .[.2.]. .Iadd.12 .Iaddend.(see FIG. 1) inthe forward direction, the pinion gear 18 meshing with the rack 17rotates clockwise as indicated by an arrow b while moving in a.Iadd.linear .Iaddend.direction indicated by an arrow a in FIG. 2A. Thiscauses the first non-circular gear 19 which is integral therewith torotate in the same direction, whereby its meshing second gear 20 rotatescounter-clockwise as indicated by an arrow c. When the zooming frame 12is driven forward to its telescoping position, the described membersassume respective positions illustrated in FIG. 2B. As a result of suchrotation of the second non-circular gear 20, the drive pin 28 associatedwith the carrier frame 14 which is fitted into the elongate slot 20aformed in the gear 20 moves in a non-linear manner with respect to thefocus lens group L₁ which moves linearly, as the zooming frame is movedforward, as indicated by the diagram of FIG. 3, thus achieving a smoothzooming operation. It should be understood that the configurations ofthe first and the second non-circular .[.gear.]. .Iadd.gears.Iaddend.19, 20 are precisely designed and formed based on opticalparameters of the zoom lens, achieving a movement of the lens group L₂as designed.[.. into a camera, as viewed from the rear side thereof.]..

It will be appreciated that when zooming from the telescoping to theside angle side, the feed screw 23 is driven for rotation in he reversedirection, performing a similar operation as described above althoughopposite in direction.

As a result of utilizing non-circular gears in achieving a zoomingoperation in the zooming mechanism of the first embodiment, it will benoted in FIG. 4 that a viewfinder 30A, a patrone chamber 30B and a spoolchamber 30C can be designed so as to be disposed close to a pictureframe 40, allowing a substantial reduction in the size of the entirecamera. In addition, a complicated and expensive machining of cam slotsin a cam sleeve is avoided, allowing a substantial reduction in themanufacturing cost. The movement of the zoom lens group L₂ need only bea compensation for the movement of the focus lens group L₁, andaccordingly, a support mechanism associated therewith can be compact andsimple, requiring a reduced magnitude of force to operate the camera.

In the first embodiment described above, the feed screw has beenemployed to drive the zooming frame. However, it should be understoodthat the drive mechanism associated with the zooming frame is notlimited to the use of the feed screw, but any other drive mechanism suchas helicoidal screw may be employed which is capable of .[.driving.]..Iadd.providing .Iaddend.a translational movement. Where three or morelens groups are used, such mechanisms can be used in a suitablecombination. Character F shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B indicate a film plane.

FIG. 5 shows another form of drive mechanism for moving the carrierframe for another lens group which can be used in a zooming mechanism ofthe invention. Specifically, a drive mechanism 31 uses a combination ofa pulley 32 and a cord 33 in substitution for the combination of therack 17 and the pinion gear 18 shown in FIG. 1. In other respects, thearrangement is quite similar to the zooming frame of FIG. 1 and operatesin a similar manner as before.

The pulley 32 is disposed on the bottom side of the zooming frame 12 atsubstantially the same position as assumed by the pinion gear 18 shownin FIG. 1, and a support shaft 32a which projects through the bottomintegrally and coaxially carries a non-circular gear 19A which issimilar to the first non-circular gear 19 shown in FIG. 1. A cord 33having its one end anchored to a pin 34 fixedly mounted on the bottom ofthe stationary frame 13 (see FIG. 1) and its other end anchored to thepulley 32 is disposed around this pulley, which is urged forcounter-clockwise rotation or in a direction to take up the cord 33, bya torsion spring 35 having its one end disposed in abutment against astationary point and its other end secured to the upper surface of thepulley 32.

The drive mechanism 31 operates as follows: Specifically when thezooming frame 12 (see FIG. 1) moves in a direction indicated by an arrowd within the stationary frame 13, the pulley 32 moves in the samedirection while rotating clockwise or in a direction indicated by anarrow e. The first non-circular gear 19A which is integral with thepulley 32 rotates in the same direction, whereby the second non-circulargear 20 (see FIG. 1) which meshes with the first non-circular gear 19Arotates counter-clockwise, thus operating in a similar manner andachieving an effect similar to the zooming mechanism shown in FIG. 1.The substitution of the pulley 32 and the cord 33 for the combination ofthe rack 17 and the pinion gear 18 (see FIG. 1) simplifies theconstruction, reduces the space requirement and allows a reduction inthe manufacturing cost.

FIG. 6 shows another form of drive mechanism which translates thecarrier frame for another zoom lens group which may be used in thezooming mechanism of the invention. Specifically, a drive mechanism 41is constructed in a manner similar to the zooming mechanism shown inFIG. 1 except for the construction of the carrier frame 14 for anotherlens group and of the second non-circular gear 20. In other respects,the arrangement is quite similar to the arrangement of FIG. 1, andoperates in a similar manner.

In the drive mechanism 41, a carrier frame 14A for another lens grouphas a bottom wall which extends rearwardly with an elongate slot 42formed in the extension and extending in a direction substantiallyperpendicular to the direction of the optical axis. Fitted into the slot42 is a drive pin 43 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of a secondnon-circular gear 20A which is similar to the second non-circular 20shown in FIG. 1.

It will be appreciated that the operation of the drive mechanism 41 issimilar to that of the drive mechanism shown in FIG. 1 except that thedrive pin 43 and the slot 42 in which the pin is fitted are disposed onthe second non-circular gear 20A and the carrier frame 14A,respectively, in a manner opposite from the drive mechanism of FIG. 1.However, the operation remains the same. This arrangement may beadvantageous in facilitating the movement depending on the manner oftranslation of the carrier frame 14A.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a zooming frame for zoom lensaccording to a second embodiment of the invention. Specifically, azooming mechanism 51 comprises two groups of zoom lenses, andessentially comprises a stationary frame 55, a zooming frame 54 which isslidably fitted into the frame 55 and is capable of translating only inthe direction of an optical axis, a carrier frame 52 for a focus lensgroup L₁ which is disposed forwardly in the zooming frame 54 in a mannerto permit a focusing adjustment, a carrier frame 53 for another zoomlens group which is mounted within the zooming frame 54 to permit itsmovement back and forth along the optical axis, means for deriving arotating drive in association with the translation of the zooming frame54 in the direction of the optical axis, and an actuator cam 56responsive to the last mentioned means to cause the carrier frame 53 totranslate in the direction of the optical axis.

The zooming frame 54 comprises a rectangular hollow body having an openrear side, and the carrier frame 52 for a focus lens group L₁ issupported in a forward portion thereof as by a helicoidal screw in amanner to permit a focusing adjustment. The stationary frame 55.Iadd.similar to frame 13 .Iaddend.again comprises a rectangular hollowbody of a greater size than the zooming frame 54, which is slidablyfitted inside the stationary frame 55. A feed screw 61 extends through arear wall of the stationary frame 55 at a location toward the bottom andoffset to one lateral side and threadably engages a threaded female feedbore 54b formed in a block 54d which is secured to or forms a lowerportion of the zooming frame 54. A rotation transmitting gear 61a issecured to the other end of the feed screw 61, and may be turned totranslate the zooming frame 54 relative to the stationary frame 55 alongthe optical axis. A guide and support shaft 63 has its one end securedto the rear wall of the stationary frame 55 toward the bottom andextends parallel to the feed screw 61. The other end of the shaft 63extends into a lead opening 54c formed in the zooming frame 54 adjacentto the female threaded bore 54b. A support shaft 67 has its one endsecured to the stationary frame 55 at the left, top corner and its.[.oher.]. .Iadd.other .Iaddend.end is fitted into an anti-rotationgroove 54a formed in a block mounted on top of the zooming frame 54toward its left side. In this manner, a translation of the zooming frame54 with respect to the stationary frame 55 can take place without anyoscillation.

The carrier frame 53 which carries another zoom lens group L₂ and isdisposed within the zooming frame 54 comprises a hollow cylindrical bodyof a reduced length, which is provided with an anti-rotation groove 53baround its outer periphery at a right, upper portion and is alsoprovided with a guide opening 53a which is also formed around the outerperiphery at a left, lower portion or at a symmetrical position withrespect to the groove 53b. Guide shafts 65, 64, which also serve asrotational stops, are .[.fixed.]..Iadd.fixedly .Iaddend.mounted on thezooming frame 54 and extend in parallel relationship with the opticalaxis and are closely fitted in the groove 53b and the opening 53a, thuslocking the carrier frame 53 against rotation and preventing itsoscillation during its translation in the direction of the optical axis.

The means which derives a rotational drive in .[.associated.]..Iadd.association .Iaddend.with the translation of the zooming frame 54in the direction of the optical axis is constructed to derive arotational drive by its operation in a plane parallel to the opticalaxis. It comprises a rack 60 disposed on the bottom wall of thestationary frame 55 at its left corner and extending parallel to theoptical axis and a sector gear 59 rotatably mounted on the underside ofthe bottom of the zooming frame 54 for meshing engagement with the rack60. The sector gear 59 has a support shaft 58a which extends into thezooming frame 54 by passing through the bottom wall thereof, with apinion gear 58 integrally mounted on the top end thereof. The gear 58 isdisposed in meshing engagement with a cam drive gear 57 which comprisesa sector gear.

The actuator cam 56 comprises a cam arm having a profiled slot therein,with its one end rotatably mounted on a support shaft 66 which isfixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the zooming frame 54 in anintegral manner with the cam drive gear 57 which meshes with the gear 58as indicated in FIG. 8. The actuator cam 56 is urged .[.of.]. .Iadd.into.Iaddend.clockwise rotation by a torsion spring 62 and having itscentral portion disposed around the shaft 66 .Iadd.and having its.Iaddend.one end anchored to a stationary point and having its .[.its.].other end engaged with the lateral side of the cam 56. Adjacent to itsfree end, the actuator cam 56 is formed with a profiled slot 56a whichis configured as a part of an arc, in which is fitted a drive pin 53cfixedly mounted on the carrier frame 53 on its bottom surface toward theleft side thereof.

The operation of the zooming mechanism 51 when driving from the wideangle to the telescoping side will now be described with reference toFIGS. 7, 10A and 10B. When the feed screw 61 is turned by a drivesource, not shown, (which may be an electric motor or a manual drive orthe like), its engagement with the female threaded bore 54b drives thezooming frame 54 in the forward direction with respect to the stationaryframe 55, thus advancing the focus lens group L₁. This movement causesthe sector gear 59 which meshes with the rack 60 to rotatecounter-clockwise, whereby the pinion gear 58 which is integrallymounted on the shaft 58a rotates in the same direction, causing the camdrive gear 57 which meshes therewith to rotate clockwise thereupon.Thereupon, the actuator cam 56 which is integral with the cam drive gear57 rotates in the same direction, changing from its conditionillustrated in FIG. 10A to a condition shown in FIG. 10B. Such rotationof the actuator cam 56 is effective to cause the guide pin 53c on thecarrier frame 53 which is fitted into the profiled slot 56a in theactuator cam 56 to move therealong, thus causing the other zoom lensgroup L₂ to advance forward at the same time as the focus lens group L₁moves in accordance with the optical design, achieving a zoomingoperation as illustrated in FIG. 9. When changing from the telescopingto the wide angle side, the operation occurs in an opposite manner. Areference character F shown in .[.FIG..]. .Iadd.FIGS. .Iaddend.10A and10B indicates a photographic film.

FIG. 8 shows the zooming frame 51 assembled into a camera, as viewedfrom the rear side thereof. It will be apparent by comparison of thisFIG. with the conventional zooming mechanism employing a cam sleeve orthe like as illustrated in FIGS. 13A, 13B to 15, there is no extensionof the frame which projects beyond the picture frame 40, allowing theviewfinder 30A, the patrone chamber 30B and the spool chamber 30C to bedisposed very close to the picture frame 40, allowing a substantialreduction in the overall size of the camera while simultaneouslyavoiding a troublesome meshing operation of forming a cam slot in a camsleeve to thereby permit a substantial reduction in the manufacturingcost. It is to be understood that a mechanism which drives the zoomingframe 54 is not limited to a feed screw mechanism, but any other drivemechanism such as a helicoidal screw may also be used. In addition, theinvention is equally applicable to a zoom lens having three or four lensgroups.

FIGS. 11A and 11B show another form of drive mechanism which causes atranslation of a carrier frame carrying another lens group which may beused in the second embodiment. Specifically, a drive mechanism 71comprises a single disc-shaped cam plate 72 which serves the combinationof the actuator cam 56 and the cam drive gear 57, and a pinion gear 58which is integral with the cam plate and which meshes with the rack 60.In other respects, the arrangement is similar to the previous drivemechanism. The cam plate 72 is formed with a spirally extending profiledslot 73 which extends from a point close to the center substantiallythrough one revolution, with a guide pin 53c on the carrier frame 53(see FIG. 7) being fitted into the profiled slot 73.

The drive mechanism 71 is also effective to achieve a smooth operationof the carrier frame 53 in a manner similar to the zooming frame 51shown in FIG. 7. Specifically, when the feed screw 61 associated withthe stationary frame 55 (see FIG. 7) is driven to cause the zoomingframe 54 to advance forward, the engagement between the rack 60 and thepinion gear 58 is effective to move the cam plate 72 in a directionindicated by an arrow a_(o) while causing the rotation indicated by anarrow b_(o), as shown in FIG. llA. Accordingly, the guide pin 53c whichfits in the slot 73 moves in a direction indicated by an arrow c_(o). Asa result of a forward movement of the zooming frame 54, the cam plate 72turns from a position illustrated in FIG. llA to a position illustratedin FIG. llB while causing the guide pin 53c to move forward, thusadvancing the carrier frame 53. In this manner, both lens groups can beadvanced through given strokes as with the zooming frame 51 shown inFIG. 7 from the wide angle to the telescoping side. When zooming in theopposite direction, the operation takes place in an opposite procedure.

FIG. 12 shows a further form of drive mechanism which causes translationof the carrier frame for another zoom lens which may be used in thesecond embodiment. Specifically, a drive mechanism 81 comprises a pulley82 which is rotatable in an integral manner with the pinion gear 58, anda cord 83 having its one end anchored to the pulley 82 and its other endlooped around a pin 84 which is fixedly mounted on a stationary member,the both of which are substituted for a combination of the sector gear59 and the rack 60 shown in FIG. 7. The pulley 82 is rotatably mountedin coaxial relationship and integral with the gear 58 at the locationwhere the sector gear 59 is disposed in the arrangement of FIG.7. Inother respects, the zooming mechanism is constructed in the same manneras shown in FIG. 7.

The drive mechanism 81 operates as follows: Since the gear 58 is urgedfor counter-clockwise rotation (indicated by an arrow f_(o)) by thetorsion spring 62 (see FIG. 7), it will be seen that as the zoomingframe 54 translates in a direction indicated by an arrow e_(o), thepulley 82 rotates in the same direction or counter clockwise, causingthe gear 58 to rotate the cam drive gear 57 (see FIG. 7) and itsintegral actuator cam 56 clockwise, thus driving the carrier frame whichcarries another zoom lens group entirely in the same manner as thezooming mechanism 51 shown in FIG. 7. When the zooming frame 54 istranslated in the opposite direction, the pulley 82 and the gear 58rotate in the opposite direction, again operating in the same manner asthe zooming mechanism 51 with .[.the.]. .Iadd.a .Iaddend.similar effect.In the drive mechanism 81, the replacement of the rack 60 by the cord 83simplifies the construction, requires less space requirement and allowsa substantial reduction in the manufacturing cost.

What is claimed is:
 1. A zooming mechanism for a zoom lens including aplurality of lens groups, comprising:a zooming frame movable in adirection of an optical axis with respect to a stationary member andcarrying at least one lens group; drive means for moving the zoomingframe in the direction of the optical axis; a carrier frame carryinganother zoom lens group and supported by a support member within thezooming frame for movement back and forth in the direction of theoptical axis; means for deriving a rotational drive responsive to themovement of the zooming frame in the direction of the optical axis; andmeans responsive to said .Iadd.means .Iaddend.for deriving a rotationaldrive .[.means.]. to cause a non-linear movement of the carrier frame.2. A zooming mechanism according to claim 1, in which the zooming framecomprises a hollow body and is slidably fitted in the stationary memberwhich also comprises a hollow body of a greater size, the zooming framebeing disposed for movement back and forth in the direction of theoptical axis while utilizing a support shaft disposed within thestationary member in parallel relationship with the optical axis as aguide.
 3. A zooming mechanism according to claim 2, wherein said zoomingframe hollow body and said stationary member hollow body aresubstantially rectangular.
 4. A zooming mechanism according to claim 3,further including a rectangular film frame arranged adjacent to saidzooming mechanism;said zooming frame hollow rectangular-shaped bodybeing slightly greater in size than said film frame.
 5. A zoomingmechanism according to claim 4, wherein three sides of said zoomingframe hollow rectangular-shaped body are substantially equal in lengthto three associated sides of said rectangular film frame.
 6. A zoomingmechanism according to claim 1, in which the drive means comprises afeed screw disposed within the stationary member and extending in adirection parallel to the optical axis, a female threaded bore formed ina block secured to a lower surface of the zooming frame for threadableengagement with the feed screw, and a rotation transmitting gear securedto the feed screw for transmitting a rotational drive to the feed screw.7. A zooming mechanism according to claim 1, in which the carrier framecomprises a hollow cylindrical member of a reduced length in which azoom lens is carried, the carrier frame being provided with guideopenings at symmetrical positions around its outer periphery withrespect to each other through which guide members disposed within thezooming frame extend and which also serve as rotational stops.
 8. Azooming mechanism according to claim 1, in which said means for derivinga rotational drive comprises a first non-circular gear which iscoaxially and integrally mounted on a support shaft extending throughthe zooming frame for a pinion rotatably mounted on a lower surface ofthe zooming frame and meshing with a rack which is disposed within thestationary member and extending in the direction of the optical axis. 9.A zooming mechanism according to claim 8, in which the firstnon-circular gear comprises a spur gear in the configuration of part ofa spiral having a radial distance from a pivot located at apredetermined pivot mounting location which progressively increases inthe circumferential direction.
 10. A zooming mechanism according toclaim 1, in which the responsive means for moving the carrier framecomprises a second non-circular gear rotatably mounted within thezooming frame and disposed in meshing engagement with a firstnon-circular gear of said means for deriving a rotational drive, anelongate slot formed in the second non-circular gear, and a drive pinfixedly mounted on the carrier frame and fitted into the elongate slot,the rotation of the second non-circular gear causing a displacement ofthe elongate slot, whereby the drive pin is effective to move thecarrier frame.
 11. A zooming mechanism according to claim 10, in whichthe second non-circular gear comprises a sector gear having a radialdistance from its pivot located at a predetermined pivot mountinglocation which gradually changes in the circumferential direction.
 12. Azooming mechanism according to claim 1, in which said means for derivinga rotational drive comprises a first non-circular gear coaxially andintegrally mounted on support shaft for a pulley which is rotatablymounted on a lower surface of the zooming frame, the pulley having oneend of a cord anchored thereto which has its other end secured to thestationary member, the pulley being urged for angular movement to returnto its original position.
 13. A zooming mechanism according to claim 1,in which said responsive means for moving the carrier frame comprises asecond non-circular gear rotatably mounted within the zooming frame anddisposed in meshing engagement with a first non-circular gear of saidmeans for deriving a rotational drive, a drive pin fixedly mounted onthe second noncircular gear, and an elongate slot formed in the carrierframe and in which the drive pin is fitted, the rotation of the secondnon-circular gear causing a displacement of the drive pin which iseffective through the elongate slot to move the carrier frame.
 14. Azooming mechanism according to claim 1 in which said means for derivinga rotational drive comprises a pinion gear rotatably mounted on a lowersurface of the zooming frame and coaxially and integrally mounted on asupport shaft for a sector gear, which meshes with a rack disposedwithin the stationary member and extending in a direction parallel tothe optical axis, which extends into the zooming frame.
 15. A zoomingmechanism according to claim 1, in which said responsive means formoving the carrier frame comprises a cam drive gear rotatably mountedwithin the zooming frame and disposed in meshing engagement with apinion gear of said means for deriving a rotational drive, a cam armhaving its one end coaxially and integrally mounted on a support shaftfor the cam drive gear, an actuator cam formed by a profiled cam formedin the cam arm, and a drive pin fixedly mounted on the carrier frame andfitted into the actuator cam, the rotation of the pinion gear beingeffective to cause a rotation of the cam arm to move the carrier framethrough the engagement between the actuator cam and the drive pin.
 16. Azooming mechanism according to claim 15, in which the cam drive gearcomprises a sector gear.
 17. A zooming mechanism according to claim 1,in which said means for moving the carrier frame comprises a cam discrotatably mounted within the zooming frame and integrally mounted on asupport shaft for a pinion gear of said means for deriving a rotationaldrive and having an actuator cam, formed by a profiled slot, extendingin the manner of a spiral over at least a portion of one revolution, anda drive pin fixedly mounted on the carrier frame and fitted into theactuator cam, the rotation of the cam disc resulting from the rotationof the pinion gear being effective to cause the carrier frame to bemoved through the engagement between the actuator cam and the drive pin.18. A zooming mechanism according to claim 1, in which said means forderiving a rotational drive comprises a pinion gear rotatably mountedwithin the zooming frame, a pulley secured to an end of a support shaftfor the pinion gear which extends below the zooming frame and urged toreturn to its original position, and a cord having its one end anchoredto the pulley and other end secured to the stationary member.
 19. Azooming mechanism according to claim 1, in which a focus lens group isdisplaceably supported by the zooming frame for translation back andforth along the optical axis.
 20. A zooming mechanism according to claim1, in which said means for deriving a rotational drive includesrotatable means journalled on said zooming frame.
 21. A zoomingmechanism according to claim 1, in which said means for deriving arotational drive is rotatable about an axis which is transverse to saidoptical axis.
 22. A zooming mechanism for a zoom lens including aplurality of lens groups, comprising:a zooming frame linearly movable inthe direction of an optical axis and carrying at least one lens group;drive means for moving said zooming frame; a carrier frame slidablydisposed within said zooming frame and carrying another lens.[.groups.]. .Iadd.group.Iaddend.; and means responsive to linearmovement of said zooming frame for moving said carrier frame in anon-linear manner.
 23. A zooming mechanism according to claim 22,.[.wheein.]. .Iadd.wherein .Iaddend.the responsive means for moving saidcarrier frame comprises means for providing a rotational outputresponsive to said linear movement of the zooming frame and meansresponsive to the rotational output for moving the carrier frame in anon-linear manner.
 24. A zooming mechanism according to claim 23,wherein the means for providing a rotational output responsive to linearmovement of the zooming frame comprises a rack and cooperating pinionhaving a pinion shaft for providing said rotational output.
 25. Azooming mechanism to claim 23, wherein said means for providing arotational output responsive to linear movement of the zooming framecomprises a pulley secured to a shaft rotatably mounted on said zoomingframe coupled between a stationary location and the periphery of saidpulley for rotating said pulley and said shaft responsive to linearmovement of the zooming frame.
 26. A zooming mechanism according toclaim 23, in which the means responsive to the rotational output formoving the carrier frame in a non-linear manner comprises a cam diskhaving cam means for imparting non-linear movement to said carrier frameresponsive to rotation of said cam disk by said rotational output. 27.The zooming mechanism according to claim 23, wherein said meansresponsive to the rotational output for moving the carrier frame in anon-linear manner comprises first and second meshing gears, said firstmeshing gear being rotated by said rotational output and said secondmeshing gear being rotated by said first meshing gear and includingmeans for imparting non-linear movement to said carrier frame.
 28. Azooming mechanism according to claim 27, wherein said means responsiveto the rotational output for moving the carrier frame in a non-linearmanner comprises a cam lever rotated by said second gear and having cammeans for imparting non-linear movement to said carrier frame.
 29. Azooming mechanism according to claim 27, wherein said second gear is anon-circular gear; and said mechanism further comprisingmeans for movingsaid carrier frame, said carrier frame being responsive to rotation ofsaid second gear.
 30. A zooming mechanism for a zoom lens, comprising;azooming frame provided on a zoom lens having a plurality of lens groups,said frame being movable back and forth in the direction of an opticalaxis with respect to a stationary member and carrying at least one lensgroup in such a manner that the lens group is movable back and forth inthe direction of said optical axis; drive means for moving said zoomingframe in the direction of said optical axis; a carrier frame movablydisposed within said zoom frame by a support member provided in thezooming frame, said carrier frame being movable back and forth in thedirection of said optical axis and carrying another lens group; meansfor deriving a rotational drive responsive to the movement of thezooming frame in the direction of said optical axis, said means beingrotatably supported on said zooming frame; and means rotatably supportedon said zooming frame, which is rotated by said rotational drive formoving said carrier frame in a non-linear manner.
 31. A zoomingmechanism according to claim 30, in which the drive means comprises afeed screw disposed within the stationary member and extending in adirection parallel to the optical axis, a female threaded bore formed ina block secured to the lower surface of the zooming frame for threadableengagement with the feed screw, and a rotation transmitting gear securedto the feed screw for transmitting a rotational drive to the feed screw.32. A zooming mechanism according to claim 30, in which said means forderiving a rotational drive comprises a first non-circular gear which iscoaxially and integrally mounted on a support shaft extending throughthe zooming frame for a pinion rotatably mounted on a lower surface ofthe zooming frame and meshing with a rack which is disposed within thestationary member and extending in the direction of the optical axis.33. A zooming mechanism according to claim 32, in which the firstnon-circular gear comprises a spur gear in the configuration of part ofa spiral having a radial distance from a pivot located at apredetermined pivot mounting location which progressively increases inthe circumferential direction.
 34. A zooming mechanism according toclaim 30, in which the means for moving the carrier frame comprises asecond non-circular gear rotatably mounted within the zooming frame anddisposed in meshing engagement with a first non-circular gear of saidmeans for deriving a rotational drive, an elongate slot formed in thesecond non-circular gear, and a drive pin fixedly mounted on the carrierframe and fitted into the elongate slot, the rotation of the secondnon-circular gear causing a displacement of the elongated slot, wherebythe drive pin is effective to move the carrier frame.
 35. A zoomingmechanism according to claim 34, in which the second non-circular gearcomprises a sector gear having a radial distance from its pivot locatedat a predetermined pivot mounting location which gradually changes inthe circumferential direction.
 36. A zooming mechanism according toclaim 30, in which said means for moving the carrier frame comprises acam drive gear rotatably mounted within the zooming frame and disposedin meshing engagement with a pinion gear of said means for deriving arotational drive, a can arm having its one end coaxially and integrallymounted on a support shaft for the cam drive gear, an actuator camformed by a profiled cam formed in the cam arm, and a drive pin fixedlymounted on the carrier frame and fitted into the actuator cam, therotation of the pinion gear being effective to cause a rotation of thecam arm to move the carrier frame through the engagement between theactuator cam and the drive pin.
 37. A zooming mechanism for a zoom lensas defined in claim 30, in which said zooming frame is linearly moved inthe direction of said optical axis by said drive means.
 38. A zoomingmechanism according to claim 30, in which said means for deriving arotational drive is rotatable about an axis which is transverse to saidoptical axis.
 39. A zooming mechanism according to claim 30, in whichsaid means for deriving a rotational drive includes rotatable meansjournalled on said zooming frame. .Iadd.
 40. A zooming system of a zoomlens composed of a plurality of lens groups having a common optical axiscomprising:a zooming frame supporting at least one lens group andmovable in back-and-forth directions of the optical axis; driving meansfor selectively moving said zooming frame in one of said back-and-forthdirections; a carrier frame supporting another zoom lens group beingmovably supported for back-and-forth movement along said optical axis;intermediate driving means responsive to movement of said zooming framefor providing a rotational output; and means for moving said carrierframe in a non-linear manner responsive to the rotational output of saidintermediate driving means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.41. A zooming system of azoom lens according to claim 40 wherein said intermediate driving meansrotates about an axis perpendicular to said optical axis. .Iaddend.